Where
to Retire by Tara Kalwarski, Kate Ashford, Carolyn Bigda,
Sarah Max and Janet Paskin
October 13,
2006
When you fantasize about retirement, you might
imagine yourself doing any of the following: waking up to 70°
weather, playing a round of golf, lying on the beach, meeting
up with friends for dinner, getting decked out to go to the symphony
or even just reading that book that's been sitting on your nightstand
for the past several months. One thing you're assuredly not dreaming
of, however, is spending a lot of money on taxes.
You don't have to. For MONEY's annual selection
of best places to retire, we sought out tax havens—cities
that have particularly low burdens for residents. But we weren't
just looking for cheap places to live. We were looking for amazing
places—cities with access to quality health care, rational
home prices and lots of cultural and leisure activities—that
don't soak their taxpayers.
In
defining tax havens, we looked beyond income levies. As it turns
out, many of the states with no income tax, including Florida
and New Hampshire, hit residents hard with other taxes instead.
We took income tax, property tax and sales tax into account and
focused on those states in which the sum of all three is relatively
low. Within those states, we looked at cities with high concentrations
of people over age 60, low local property taxes and the amenities
mentioned above that make for a great place to live at any age.
After narrowing the field, we visited the towns, chatted up the
locals and made out final selections based upon the community's
vibrancy and residents' satisfaction.
Along the way, we discovered an encouraging trend.
States and cities are increasingly offering tax incentives to
seniors. All the places that made our list have such breaks (Virginia,
for instance, has plans to eradicate its estate tax). Why? Migrating
retirees often pay more out than they cost in services, so by
increasing the senior population, a place can lift its tax base
without having to spend more on things like education. You get
a break for living in a great place; the town improves its cash
flow; everybody's happy. Now if that isn't a real welcome home.
Walla Walla, Wash.
Population:
30,000
Maximum Income Tax: 0%
Sales Tax: 8.3%
Typical Three-Bedroom House: $275,000
Est. Property Tax: $3,500 to $4,100
Stroll through Walla Walla's historic downtown
and you'll understand why this southeastern Washington outpost,
once known only for its sweet onions and tautonymic name, has
become a destination for wine connoisseurs, urban refugees and
roving retirees. Nineteenth-century Italianate-style commercial
buildings—originally built as bakeries, banks and brothels
following the 1860 gold rush—are being revamped to house
art galleries, bookstores and restaurants. For a place in rural
Washington, Walla Walla has an unlikely air of sophistication,
in large part because of the 70-odd wineries that have broken
ground nearby in the last three decades. Beyond Main Street, three
colleges are hubs of activity for retirees, who can enjoy classical
music at Whitman, lectures at Walla Walla College or lifelong
learning classes at Walla Walla Community College. "There's a
high level of intellect here because of the schools," says Mary-Baird
Carlsen, 78, a semiretired psychologist who moved to Walla Walla
from Seattle in 1995 with her husband James, 79. "We've met so
many interesting people."
Though Walla Walla is attracting its share of
newcomers like the Carlsens, its out-of-the-way location has helped
dampen growth. The city is 40 miles off the Interstate and a four-hour
drive from Seattle, Portland or Boise. Locals say that's plenty
close. City slickers, however, might have a tough time adjusting.
The airport operates just four commercial flights, three to Seattle
and one to Boise. And while there are three accredited hospitals
and an increasing number of specialists, those who need complicated
surgery must sometimes go elsewhere for care.
Financially speaking, the area has many draws.
Washington has no income tax. And Walla Walla home prices, though
up more than 50% over the past five years, are still affordable
by big-city standards. Buyers can find new single-story houses
with modern amenities, or historic houses within walking distance
of downtown, from $200,000. (Plus, those 61 and older with household
incomes under $35,000 may be eligible for property tax discounts.)
The large stock of inexpensive old houses was
what brought Roy and Lianne Schellenberg here. After restoring
a Victorian in Colorado, the couple moved to Walla Walla in search
of a new project. Four years later, their colonial revival is
nearly finished, but the couple have no plans to move. "We came
to rescue an old house," says Roy, 66, a retired electrical engineer.
"What we found was a wonderful community that we now call home."
St.
Simons Island, Ga.
Population:
13,400
Maximum Income Tax: 6% on income over $10,000
Sales Tax: 6%
Typical Three-Bedroom House: $360,000
Est. Property Tax: $3,600
Five miles off the coast of Brunswick, Ga., you'll
find St. Simons Island. With its sandy beaches, lush marshes and
moss-draped live oaks, the island has long been a destination
for summer vacationers. Over the past few years it has also blossomed
into a year-round retirement community. Having visited as a kid,
Ron Upshaw, 63, recently returned with his wife Barbara, 56, looking
to permanently escape the New Jersey winters. "We wanted a warmer
climate," Ron says. "But we also didn't want to give up the
mix of culture we were used to."
They didn't have to. Here, the summer-like weather
spans almost seven months. And the Upshaws can eat out at a number
of fine dining establishments, shop several galleries for work
by local artists or attend concerts on Lighthouse Lawn. An active
newcomer's club helps transplants get assimilated by way of dinners,
bridge games and golf outings, and neighborhood associations organize
events too. ("It's very much a partying place," says Nancy Matthews,
59, who came here from Cincinnati last year.) And if city life
beckons, Savannah and Jacksonville are each a little over an hour
away.
Not surprisingly, people from across the country
are flocking to the island. That means good things for health
care, as lots of doctors want to be here. The Southeast Georgia
Health System, which has an immediate-care center on the island
and a hospital eight miles away, was named hospital of the year
in 2004 by the Georgia Alliance of Community Hospitals.
The influx means bad things for real estate prices,
however. Home values jumped an average of 8% last year. Condos
can be had for less than houses, a median $246,000. But with limited
land available, prices will continue to rise, says real estate
agent Don Varnadoe. A homestead exemption helps to ease the bite,
since you can lock in property taxes the year you buy. Also, hazard
insurance rates have remained stable, unlike in more hurricane-prone
Florida, where they are skyrocketing.
St. Simons has not been hit by a major hurricane
since 1898, though that doesn't mean it couldn't happen again.
And with only one road off the island—the Torras Causeway—residents
must be ready to leave immediately once evacuation is ordered.
For many, however, living in such an idyllic place is worth the
risk. Says Barbara Upshaw: "The first time we crossed the causeway,
I felt like I was home."